🔬TODAY’S BREAKTHROUGH
Aging fat tissue gets inflamed and dysfunctional. Scientists now identify a rare immune cell that may be the key to stopping it.
The Discovery:
Researchers from Yale and NYU have found that nerve-associated macrophages (NAMs), a specialized type of immune cell are critical for maintaining adipose tissue health across the lifespan. These CD169⁺ macrophages protect against inflammation, support fat metabolism, and decline with age. Removing them causes catecholamine resistance, fat dysfunction, and increased inflammation in aged mice.
The Science:
NAMs are a subtype of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) that reside near nerves and blood vessels in visceral fat
These cells uniquely express CD169, regulate lipolysis, and protect against age-induced inflammation
NAM depletion in aged mice reduces HSL, ATGL, and β3-adrenergic receptor signaling, impairing fat metabolism
Loss of NAMs increases inflammatory cytokines like TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6, driving systemic inflammaging
Mitochondrial function declines with NAM loss, suggesting disrupted energy metabolism
NAMs show senescence-associated gene expression, linking them to chronic inflammation
Advanced microscopy shows NAMs form pseudopodia that contact both nerves and blood vessels
NAMs may engulf damaged myelin, helping maintain nerve integrity in adipose tissue
Your Action:
Support healthy adipose-nerve communication by reducing chronic inflammation. Prioritize daily movement, cold exposure, and intermittent fasting, all known to boost catecholamine sensitivity and preserve metabolic flexibility with age.
Bottom Line:
Targeting NAMs could unlock therapies to prevent fat dysfunction and chronic inflammation as we age.
Source:
Nerve-associated macrophages control adipose homeostasis across lifespan and restrain age-related inflammation, Nature Aging, Yale School of Medicine, NYU, September 2025
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-025-00952-9
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