🔬TODAY’S BREAKTHROUGH
A major U.S. study finds that accelerated epigenetic aging in blood predicts slower thinking and lower cognitive performance by midlife.
The Discovery:
Researchers from the University of Illinois Chicago, Tulane University, and collaborators analyzed data from 1,252 middle-aged adults in the Bogalusa Heart Study. They found that people with higher GrimAge acceleration, a DNA methylation-based measure of biological aging, had significantly slower processing speed and lower global cognition. Genetic evidence supported a potential causal role, linking faster epigenetic aging to impaired brain function even before old age.
The Science:
The team assessed four major epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) markers: Horvath’s IEAA, HannumAA, PhenoAA, and GrimAA.
Higher GrimAA, HannumAA, and PhenoAA were all associated with slower attention and processing speed after adjusting for lifestyle and health factors.
GrimAA showed the strongest link, also correlating with lower global cognition scores.
A Mendelian randomization analysis using GWAS data of over 100,000 participants suggested a genetic predisposition to faster GrimAA might causally impair processing speed.
The association appeared stronger in women, pointing to possible sex-specific pathways in cognitive aging.
Your Action:
Support your brain’s biological youth by keeping your epigenetic age low. Regular exercise, sufficient sleep, a healthy diet, and stress reduction can positively influence DNA methylation patterns. Periodic testing of biological age may help you monitor progress and risk.
Bottom Line:
Your epigenetic age, not your birth age, may predict how quickly your thinking slows in midlife.
Source:
Epigenetic age acceleration and midlife cognition: joint evidence from observational study and Mendelian randomization, npj Aging, Yang Pan et al., University of Illinois Chicago & Tulane University, 2025.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41514-025-00265-6
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